Introduction
In recent years, Chromebooks have gained popularity for their low cost, fast start and integration with Google services. However, many users feel that the Chrome OS environment limits their ability to run traditional Linux applications or to customize the system to their liking. This includes the possibility of running complete IDEs, Docker containers or development environments that are not available in the Chrome Web Store store. Here comes GalliumOS, a Linux distribution based on Ubuntu and specifically designed to work on the Chromebooks hardware. GalliumOS combines the stability of Ubuntu with an optimized kernel and adapted drivers, offering a smooth experience without giving up free software freedom. In this article we will explore what GalliumOS is, its most outstanding features, how to install it and why it could be the ideal option to give your Chromebook a second life.
What is GalliumOS?
GalliumOS was born from the Gallium project, which aimed to create a light operating system for devices with limited resources. Based on Ubuntu LTS, use the XFCE desktop environment for its low memory consumption and speed. GalliumOS developers have patched the kernel to improve the specific hardware support of Chromebooks, such as keyboard, touchpad and light sensors. They also include preconfigured packages that facilitate the implementation of development, office and multimedia applications without the need to compile from scratch. Thanks to these adaptations, GalliumOS achieves a start in less than ten seconds in most models and maintains a use of RAM less than 500 MB in single. This allows even old models with only 2 GB of RAM to run multiple applications simultaneously without experiencing significant slowdowns. Which makes it an attractive alternative for both casual users and developers who need a full Linux environment.
Main characteristics
Among its most outstanding features are:
- Kernel optimized for Chromebooks hardware, with better keyboard support, touchpad and sensors.
- Light and customizable XFCE desktop environment, ideal for machines with limited resources.
- Ubuntu LTS base, which guarantees access to a vast repository of regular packages and security updates.
- Preinstalled development tools, such as Git, Node.js and Python, ready to use immediately.
- Recovery and restoration utility that allows you to return to Chrome OS without losing data.
Installation and requirements
Before installing GalliumOS, it is necessary to verify that your Chromebook model is on the list of compatible devices, available in the official wiki. It is recommended to create a backup of your important data on Google Drive or on an external disk before proceeding, as the partitioning process can delete existing information. The process starts by enabling the developer mode on the Chromebook, which allows you to boot from a USB drive or SD card. The ISO image of GalliumOS is then downloaded from its website and written in the boot medium using tools such as Rufus or BalenaEtcher. When the device is restarted, the boot option is selected from the external media and the installation wizard is followed, which partifies the internal storage and copies the necessary files. After installation, it is recommended to run the post-installation script that adjusts the graphics controller and activates the support for Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. The whole process is usually completed in less than 30 minutes.
Community and support
GalliumOS has an active community of users and developers who contribute to forums, IRC channels and GitHub repositories. There you can find detailed guides to solve specific problems of certain Chromebook models, as well as tutorials to customize the desktop environment or install additional packages. The project regularly publishes maintenance versions that incorporate safety patches of the Ubuntu kernel and performance improvements. In addition, there is a dedicated subreddit and a Discord server where members share tips, screenshots and daily experiences. This community support ensures that, even if official development slows down, there will always be someone willing to help and keep the system up to date.
Conclusion
In short, GalliumOS represents a practical solution for those who want to make the most of their Chromebooks hardware without giving up the power and flexibility of a complete Linux operating system. Its focus on lightness, compatibility with specific hardware and Ubuntu LTS base make it suitable for both new users looking for an alternative to Chrome OS and for developers who need a stable and customizable working environment. If you have a Chromebook that no longer gets Google updates or just want to experiment with Linux without investing in new hardware, it's worth trying GalliumOS and finding out how you can transform your device into a productive and safe machine. In addition, your open license ensures that anyone can inspect, modify and redistribute the system according to their needs.
